The Evolution of PD-1/PD-L1: From Immune Checkpoint Breakthrough to What Comes After Keytruda
The protein was named for the wrong job. In 1992, Tasuku Honjo's group at Kyoto University was hunting for genes tied to cell death in T cells and cloned a new one. They called it programmed death-1, ...
Gorlin Syndrome Treatment Burden Problem: What the Patidegib Readout Could Change
Patients with severe Gorlin syndrome can face repeated surgeries year after year, many of them on the face. Each one can leave a scar, and a face only has so much tissue to spare.Most people meet basa ...
Forecasting Rare Disease Markets: Why Small Patient Populations Demand a More Rigorous Model
Rare disease markets have an odd commercial paradox built into them: the patient population is tiny, but the market opportunity can still be substantial. That's what makes forecasting them fundamental ...
What’s Driving R&D in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
For years, chemotherapy was the backbone of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment because the disease lacked the molecular targets that transformed treatment in other breast cancer subtypes. ...
Beyond the Static Document: Why Evidence-Driven TPP Optimization Is Becoming a Strategic Imperative in Pharma
Every drug development program starts with a hypothesis about the product it hopes to become. The Target Product Profile (TPP) is where that hypothesis is written down: the intended indication, the ef ...