Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) – Market Outlook, Epidemiology, Competitive Landscape, and Market Forecast Report – 2023 To 2033

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Market Outlook

Thelansis’s “Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Market Outlook, Epidemiology, Competitive Landscape, and Market Forecast Report – 2023 To 2033" covers disease overview, epidemiology, drug utilization, prescription share analysis, competitive landscape, clinical practice, regulatory landscape, patient share, market uptake, market forecast, and key market insights under the potential Acute Kidney Injury treatment modalities options for eight major markets (USA, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, UK, Japan, and China).

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Overview

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a sudden decline in kidney function, determined by elevated serum creatinine levels (indicating impaired kidney excretion) and reduced urine output (oliguria) within a 7-day timeframe. When AKI persists for over 3 months, it is termed Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). It's noteworthy that AKI and CKD frequently coexist in patients with preexisting CKD. Acute Renal Failure (ARF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the abrupt onset of kidney dysfunction, resulting in the accumulation of metabolic toxins and disturbances in fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. The causes of AKI can be categorized into three groups: prerenal (due to reduced renal blood flow, often due to dehydration), intrinsic renal (stemming from kidney-related issues), and postrenal (resulting from inadequate urine drainage beyond the kidneys). In individuals with underlying chronic kidney disease, any factors, particularly dehydration, can lead to AKI alongside chronic renal impairment. Prerenal causes account for around 70% of community-acquired AKI cases. Various medications, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, can trigger prerenal AKI by affecting renal perfusion or glomerular filtration rate. These drugs can hinder the body's usual responses to dehydration and may result in reduced renal function. In prerenal AKI, kidney function typically returns to normal once adequate fluid levels are restored, the underlying cause is treated, or the causative medication is discontinued. AKI classification comprises prerenal AKI, acute postrenal obstructive nephropathy, and intrinsic acute kidney diseases. Only "intrinsic" AKI represents a true kidney disease, while prerenal and postrenal AKI are outcomes of non-kidney conditions that reduce glomerular filtration rate (GFR). If prerenal and postrenal conditions persist, they can eventually lead to cellular damage in the kidneys and, consequently, intrinsic renal disease. Risk factors for AKI encompass environmental, socioeconomic, cultural, care-related, acute exposures, and patient-related factors. Clinical presentation varies based on the cause and severity of renal injury, as well as any associated conditions. Most mild to moderate AKI patients exhibit no symptoms and are identified through laboratory tests. In severe cases, patients may experience listlessness, confusion, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, weight gain, or edema. Severe AKI can also manifest as oliguria (urine output less than 400 mL per day), anuria (urine output less than 100 mL per day), or normal urine volumes (nonoliguric AKI). Additional presentations may include uremic encephalopathy (characterized by a decline in mental status, asterixis, or other neurological symptoms), anemia, or bleeding due to platelet dysfunction caused by uremia. Currently, AKI diagnosis relies on an acute reduction in GFR, indicated by an abrupt increase in serum creatinine levels and a decrease in urine output within a specific timeframe. The primary treatment option is dialysis and supportive care, as no drugs are approved for AKI treatment. Typically, these patients are managed in intensive care units, often with the assistance of nephrologists.

• The estimated annual incidence of AKI is 31.7 cases per 10,000 individuals.

Geography Covered:

North America- the United States and Canada

Europe- EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom)

Other countries- Japan & China

Study Period: 2023-2033

Current Clinical Practice and Treatment Algorithm

This section of the study covers country-specific current clinical practice, the standard of care, and significant limitations around addressing the unmet needs. Retrospective analysis and bench-marking of clinical study outcomes are presented in terms of Pre-treatment & post-treatment clinical and demographic patient characteristics. Essentially, this section will cover the evolution of the current competitive landscape and its impact on the future treatment paradigm.

KOL Insights:

KOLs across 8 MM markets from the center of Excellence/ Public/ Private hospitals participated in the study. Insights around current treatment landscape, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, future treatment paradigm, and Unmet needs

Market Forecast: Patient Based Forecast Model (MS. Excel Based Automated Dashboard)

- Data Inputs with sourcing

- Market Event and Product Event

- Country-specific Forecast Model

- Market uptake and patient share uptake

- Attribute Analysis

- Analog Analysis

- Disease burden and pricing scenario

- Summary and Insights

NPV/ IRR Calculator-

Optimization of cash flow/ revenue flow concerning all fixed and variable investments throughout the product development process. The rate of return on an investment is a critical indicator to ensure the profitability and break-even of the project.

Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape includes country-specific approved as well as pipeline therapies. Any asset/product-specific designation or review such as Orphan drug designation, Fast track, Priority Review, Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Rare Pediatric Disease Designation, and Accelerated Approval are tracked and supplemented with analyst commentary.

Clinical Trial Assessment-

Detailed clinical trial data analysis and critical product positioning include trial design, primary outcomes, secondary outcomes, dosing and schedules, inclusion and exclusion criteria, recruitment status and essentially covers the reported adverse events. Majorly the trial analysis helps determine the potential of the critical assets and their probable filing and launch date.

Unmet Medical Needs Overview-

This report presents the most important clinical unmet needs in the treatment, according to Thelansis research and analysis. Other essential unmet needs identified through our study include decreased cost burden on patients, improved administration convenience, and improved patient compliance.

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